SEMANTIC AND PHRASEOLOGICAL DERIVATION IN THE SPOKEN LANGUAGE

Abstract

The changes in the vocabulary and the imagery of spoken language manifest themselves in the borrowing of the so-called semantic internationalisms; meanings of lexemes which are the result of semantic derivation are quite often expressive: there is a growing number of pejoratively marked derivatives, as well as ones that satisfy the tendencies towards brevity and economy. Phrases are turned into stable units by means of transformation in their semantic components and widening of their contextual usage. The new stable units (phrazemes) are structurally diverse and enrich specific fields, connecting concepts which are different, identical or similar. They are characterized by a strong subjective evaluation and achieve a powerful perlocution effect relying on the figurativeness and vividness of the linguistic sign.